Question 6091)
What does the 19 in Covid-19 stand for?
A. It refers to the 19 molecules that make up the virus
B. It is the 19th coronavirus identified since the WHO began naming them
C. It is the year the virus was first encountered: 2019
D. It is the number of spikes protein of this coronavirus
Answer: C
Explanation: COVID-19 is the acronym for the full name coronavirus disease of 2019. The 19 is the designation of when the virus was identified. On December 31, 2019, a strange new pneumonia of unknown cause was reported to the Chinese WHO Country Office. A cluster of these cases originally appeared in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China. These infections were found to be caused by a new coronavirus which was given the name “2019 novel coronavirus” (2019-nCoV). It was later renamed “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,” or SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses on February 11, 2020. It was named SARSCoV-2 because the virus is a genetic cousin of the coronavirus which caused the SARS outbreak in 2002 (SARS-CoV).
Question 6092)
The nurse assessing the results of a Rinne test sees the notation of BC >AC. The nurse translates this to mean that the patient has:__________
A. Conductive hearing loss
B. Sensorineural hearing loss
C. Normal hearing
D. Cochlear defect
Answer: A
Explanation: When the bone conduction (BC) is greater than the air conduction (AC), the results of the Rinne test will read, BC>AC, which means the patient has a conductive hearing loss. The normal finding for the Rinne test is that AC is greater than BC (AC>BC).
Question 6093)
What type of hearing loss is associated with otosclerosis?
A. Sensorineural
B. Conductive
C. Permanent
D. Temporary
Answer: B
Explanation: Otosclerosis usually causes a CONDUCTIVE hearing loss, a hearing loss caused by a problem in the outer or middle ear. Less frequently, otosclerosis may cause a sensorineural hearing loss Otosclerosis is the overgrowth of spongy bone in the middle ear that doesn't allow the bones of the middle ear to vibrate. Stapedectomy is the corrective surgery.
Question 6094)
A nurse is familiar with common neurotransmitters. He knows that levels fluctuate with certain diseases. Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT associated with depression?
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. Melatonin
D. Norepinephrine
Answer: C
Explanation: Depression has been linked to problems or imbalances in the brain, specifically with the neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Acetylcholine levels will increase when the client experiences depression. The three neurotransmitters implicated in depression are: Norepinephrine Serotonin Dopamine
Question 6095)
A nurse is able to handle multiple patients, yet seems to meet patient needs automatically. Others remark that the nurse's expertise comes naturally. The nurse manager determines this nurse is at which stage of Benner's Stage of Nursing Proficiency?
A. Novice
B. Advanced Beginner
C. Competent
D. Expert
Answer: D
Explanation: Additional notes: Patricia Benner - Novice 1. Beginner with no experience 2. Taught general rules to help perform tasks 3. Rules are context free, independent of specific cases, and applied universally 4. Rulegoverned behavior is limited and flexible 5. "Tell me what I need to do and I'll do it." Patricia Benner - Advanced Beginner 1. Demonstrates acceptable performance 2. Has gained prior experience in actual situations to recognize recurring meaningful components 3. Principles, based on experiences, begin to be formulated to guide actions Patricia Benner - Competent 1. Typically a nurse with 2-3 years experience on the job in the same area or in similar day to say situations 2. More aware of long-term goals 3. Gains perspective from planning actions based on conscious, abstract, analytical thinking and helps to achieve greater efficiency and organization Patricia Benner - Proficient 1. Perceives and understands situation as whole parts 2. More holistic understanding improves decision making 3. Learns experiences from what to expect in certain situations and how to modify plans Patricia Benner - Expert 1. No longer relies on principles, rules, or guidelines to connect situations and determine actions 2. Much more background of experience 3. Has intuitive grasp of clinical situations 4. Performance is now fluid, flexible, and highly-proficient
Question 6096)
To inflate the cuff of an endotracheal tube (ET) when the patient is on mechanical ventilation, the cuff pressure should be maintained at_______mmHg
A. 10-30
B. 20- 25
C. 40
D. 60
Answer: B
Explanation: 25-35 cm H2O and or 20-25 mmHg The volume to inflate the cuff varies with the ET and the patient's size. Cuff pressure should be maintained at 20 to 25 mm Hg. #INTEGRATED 20. A nurse pulls the curtains before changing the dressing of the surgical wound on the abdomen of a post-surgical client. What value is served? A. Dignity B. Freedom C. Altruism D. Accountability Answer: A The nurse values the dignity of the client and provides the client with privacy before changing the wound dressing. This incident does not serve the values of accountability, freedom, or altruism. A nurse values accountability when documenting nursing care accurately and honestly. The nurse values freedom when the client's right to refuse treatment is honored. The nurse shows value for altruism when showing concern for the client's welfare. 87
Question 6097)
A client has just been intubated for placement on a mechanical ventilator. What is the first assessment of the tube placement?
A. Chest X-Ray
B. Auscultation of breath sounds
C. Pulse oximetry reading of 95%
D. End tidal CO2 monitoring
Answer: D
Explanation: End-tidal CO2 monitors are currently recommended for rapid verification of ET placement. Auscultation for bilateral breath sounds and checking chest expansion also are used, but they are not as accurate as end-tidal CO2 monitoring. A chest x-ray confirms the placement but is done after the tube is secured.
Question 6098)
A balut vendor entered the gate of family Consuelo without notifying them. The dog bit the balut vendor. What is the MOST commonly affected site in the body of the balut vendor for rhabdo virus ?
A. Hand
B. Buttock
C. Head
D. Hands
Answer: C
Explanation: Head is the MOST targeted part of the Rhabdovirus. From the point of entry (usually a bite), the rabies virus travels along nerves to the spinal cord and then to the brain, where it multiplies. Once rabies attacks the central nervous system, it causes encephalitis (brain swelling). Inflammation surrounding brain blood vessels is often seen. Areas of the brain frequently targeted by the rabies virus are the hippocampus, limbic areas, medulla and cerebellum What is the cause of death in a patient positioned as depicted in the image below, who died during a prolonged rectal surgery? A. Positional asphyxia B. Traumatic asphyxia C. Aspiration of GI contents D. Smothering
Question 6099)
A nurse administer 2 units of packed RBCs (250 mL each) followed by 500 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride. How much total solution (blood and sodium chloride) has infused? A. 1000 ml B. 800 ml C. 600 ml D. 700 ml Answer: A Explanation: 1000 ml. Each bag of packed RBCs contains 250ml. for a total of 500 ml. of packed RBCs. The total amount of sodium chloride received is 500 ml. 500 + 500 = 1000 ml. of solution. Question 6100) A client is admitted with a higher than expected red blood cell count. What physiological alteration does the nurse will result from this clinical finding ?
A. Increased serum pH
B. Decreased hematocrit
C. Increased blood viscosity
D. Decreased immune response
Answer: C
Explanation: Viscosity, a measure of fluid internal resistance to flow, is increased as the number of red cells suspended in plasma increases.
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